Co-occurring disorders, also known as dual diagnosis, refer to the simultaneous presence of a mental health disorder and a substance use disorder in an individual. This complex interplay can complicate treatment, as each condition can exacerbate the other, making it essential for HOH providers to adopt an integrated approach. Effective treatment often occurs when HOH's professional staff uses a combination of therapy, medication and support services tailored to address both issues concurrently. Understanding and addressing co-occurring disorders is crucial for improving outcomes and helping individuals achieve lasting recovery.